What characterizes cognitive learning theory?

Cognitive learning theory is characterized by an emphasis on mental processes in understanding how people learn. This theory suggests that internal processes such as thinking, memory, problem-solving, and understanding play a crucial role in how individuals acquire knowledge and skills. Unlike behavioral theories, which concentrate primarily on observable behaviors and responses to external stimuli, cognitive learning theory seeks to understand the underlying mental activities involved in learning. This perspective acknowledges that learners are active participants who can reflect, analyze, and synthesize information rather than mere responders to environmental cues.

In addition, cognitive learning theory integrates concepts such as schema formation, which explains how knowledge is organized and how new information is interpreted based on existing knowledge. This makes it distinct from approaches that might exclude or downplay cognitive functions, paving the way for a deeper comprehension of educational psychology and instructional strategies.