University of Central Florida (UCF) EXP3404 Basic Learning Processes Practice Exam 2

Positive reinforcement is the process by which a behavior is strengthened by the introduction of a desired stimulus following that behavior. This method increases the likelihood that the behavior will occur again in the future. For example, if a student receives praise (a desired stimulus) for completing their homework on time, they are more likely to continue completing their homework on time in the future, as the praise reinforces that positive behavior.

The emphasis on introducing something desirable is key to understanding why this type of reinforcement is effective. It differs fundamentally from other concepts like negative reinforcement, which involves the removal of an undesirable stimulus to increase behavior, or punishment, which aims to decrease a behavior by applying an unpleasant consequence. Extinction involves the cessation of reinforcement, leading to a decrease in the behavior over time. Therefore, positive reinforcement specifically involves the enhancement of behavior through the provision of a rewarding stimulus.